新辅助化疗在结直肠癌治疗中的应用 [中文引用][英文引用]

 摘 要】 结直肠癌是全球范围内第三种最常见的恶性肿瘤，是第二大癌症死亡原因，手术为主要治疗方法。由于早期结直肠癌症状不明显,大部分患者发现时已错失手术机会。对于肿瘤可切除患者，采取新辅助化疗，提高局部控制率和整体生存率；对于肿瘤不可切除患者，采取转化治疗，将其转变为可切除状态，随后行手术切除。新辅助化疗适用于肿瘤中期患者以及手术切除难度较大、不易完全切除的肿瘤，可使瘤体降期，使肿块缩小，以利于后续的手术、放疗等治疗。国内外研究发现,术前新辅助化疗有助于手术切除率的提高,并且使患者术后生存期得以延长。本文就新辅助化疗治疗结直肠癌的应用原则、疗效评估、临床获益及风险进行综述。

 [Abstract]  Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor in the world and the second most common cause of cancer death. Surgery is the main treatment. Because the symptoms of colorectal cancer are not obvious in the early stage, most patients have missed the opportunity of surgery. For patients with resectable tumors, neoadjuvant chemotherapy is used to improve local control rate and overall survival rate. For patients with unresectable tumors, transformation therapy is used to transform them into resectable state, followed by surgical resection. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is suitable for patients with tumor in middle stage or difficult to be resected as well as difficult to be removed completely. It can reduce the tumor stage and make the tumor shrink so as to facilitate subsequent surgery and radiotherapy. Domestic and foreign studies have found that preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy contributes to the improvement of surgical resection rate and prolongs postoperative survival of patients. This article reviews the application principles, efficacy evaluation, clinical benefits and risks of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer.